[Book Cover]

Locating and Correcting Reading Difficulties, 7/e

James L. Shanker, California State University, Hayward
Eldon E. Ekwall, University of Texas at El Paso

Published November, 1997 by Prentice Hall Career & Technology

Copyright 1998, 522 pp.
Paper
ISBN 0-13-862962-5


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    Reading Assessment/Diagnosis and Remediation-Curriculum and Instruction


Summary

Updated and revised throughout, this new edition once again provides busy reading instructors with concrete methods for locating and correcting reading difficulties. This well organized book uses clear language to explain the steps involved in understanding the diagnostic/remedial process. Code for marking in oral diagnosis, materials for assessing readers' knowledge of the alphabet, basic sight words and phrases, phonics, structural analysis, and the use of context clues and reading interests are included in these helpful appendices.

Features


Teachers and students in reading education courses can use the material in the locating appendices to construct their own diagnostic kits.
With its many valuable appendices for students to use in real classrooms to locate and correct student reading difficulties, this is a book that can be used as an on-going resource.
Separate chapters are used to address a specific reading difficulty. Within each chapter the difficulty is described first, then diagnostic procedures are explained, and then practical corrective techniques are presented.
NEW—Known for its valuable appendices, this book now features a number of practical, new appendices; existing appendices have been reorganized for easier access.
NEW—The section on Useful Methods for Teaching Students with Reading Difficulties has expanded its coverage on concrete methods for teaching students how to read.
NEW—The language-experience approach has been expanded to include many practical applications for the use of this method in the classroom.
NEW—Descriptions of Dyad Reading, Group Assisted Reading, Paired Repeated Reading, Reader's Theater, and the Shared Book Experience have been added to the section on effective oral reading activities. These techniques have been shown to be effective with the task of decoding and in developing reading efficiency or fluency.


Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION.

    Introduction: Useful Methods for Teaching Students with Reading Difficulties.

II. PREREADING ABILITY.
    1. Phonemic Awareness and Alphabet Knowledge.
III. ORAL READING.
    2. Word-by-Word Reading.
    3. Incorrect Phrasing.
    4. Poor Pronunciation.
    5. Omissions.
    6. Repetitions.
    7. Inversions or Reversals.
    8. Insertions.
    9. Substitutions.
    10. Guesses at Words.
    11. Voicing, Lip Movements, Finger Pointing, and Head Movements.
IV. DECODING ABILITIES.
    12. Basic Sight Words Not Known.
    13. General Sight Vocabulary Not Up to Grade Level
    14. Phonics Difficulties: Consonants.
    15. Phonics Difficulties: Vowels.
    16. Phonics Difficulties: Blends, Digraphs, or Diphthongs.
    17. Structural Analysis Difficulties.
    18. Contractions Not Known.
    19. Inadequate Ability to Use Context Clues.
V. COMPREHENSION ABILITIES.
    20. Word Meaning/Vocabulary Knowledge Inadequate.
    21. Comprehension Inadequate.
VI. STUDY SKILLS ABILITIES.
    22. Low Rate of Speed.
    23. Inability to Adjust Reading Rate.
    24. High Rate of Reading at the Expense of Accuracy.
    25. Inability to Skim or Scan.
    26. Inability to Locate Information.
VII. OTHER ABILITIES.
    27. Underdeveloped Dictionary Skills.
    28. Written Recall Limited by Spelling Ability.
INFORMATIONAL APPENDICES.
    A-1: Scope and Sequence of Reading Skills.
    A-2: A Phonics Primer.
    A-3: Suggestions for Interviewing Parents of Disabled Readers.
APPENDICES FOR LOCATING READING DIFFICULTIES.
    B-1: Code for Marking in Oral Diagnosis.
    B-2: Preparation and Use of Materials for Testing Letter Knowledge.
    B-3: Preparation and Use of Materials for the Quick Check for Basic Sight Words.
    B-4: Preparation and Use of Materials for Testing Basic Sight Words and Phrases.
    B-5: Preparation and Use of Materials for the Quick Survey Word List.
    B-6: Preparation and Use of Materials for the Phonics Assessment.
    B-7: Preparation and Use of Materials for the Structural Analysis Assessment.
    B-8: Preparation and Use of Materials for Testing Knowledge of Contractions.
    B-9: Preparation and Use of Materials for Testing Ability to Use Context Clue.
    B-10: Preparation and Use of Materials for the Reading Interest Survey.
    B-11: Using the Cloze Procedure.
APPENDICES FOR CORRECTING READING DIFFICULTIES.
    C-1: Basic Sight Word Sentences.
    C-2: Phonograms and Words for Use in Teaching Phonics.
    C-3: Words, Sentences, and Stories for Teaching Structural Analysis.
    C-4: Prepositional Phrases.
    C-5: Prefixes and Suffixes.
    C-6: Repeated Readings Chart.
    C-7: Precision Reading Form and Charts.
    C-8: Charts for Graphing Words per Minute and Comprehension.
    Index.

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