[Book Cover]

COBOL: From Micro to Mainframe: Fujitsu Version, 3/e

Robert Grauer
Carol Vasquez Villar
Arthur Buss

Coming November, 1999 by Prentice Hall Engineering/Science/Mathematics

Copyright 2000, 950 pp.
Paper
ISBN 0-13-085849-8


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Summary

For a one or two semester introductory COBOL course running on either a PC or mainframe. This machine independent introduction covers all of the basic COBOL elements and special features, as well as provides an introduction to using the Fujitsu compiler. Plus, a CD-ROM containing the Fujitsu COBOL Compiler Version 4.0 is now packaged FREE with every text.

Features


NEW—This is now the Fujitsu version of the original book!
Revised chapters with supporting COBOL programs—Object-Oriented COBOL; Year 2000 Problem.
New appendices:
—Introduces the use of Fujitsu Compiler and Project Manager.
—Connects COBAL and Visual Basic.
A CD-ROM containing the Fujitsu COBOL Version 4.0 compiler—Packaged FREE with every book.
—Fujitsu Version 4.0 incorporates the proposed features of the COBOL 2000 standard.

  • Gives students access to this tool at no additional charge.
7 revised and 30 illustrative COBOL programs.
  • Presented in a uniform and detailed format, including program narrative, record layouts, report layouts, test data, and processing specifications. Reflects Year 2000 considerations.
COBOL programs in the text as well as data files for the nearly one hundred student projects are available via FTP.
  • Allows students to reproduce or modify any of the programs without the tedium of data entry.
An abundance of short answer questions, COBOL problems, and programming projects—Nearly 100 in all—for every chapter.
A thorough discussion of structured methodology, hierarchy charts, pseudocode, and top-down testing.
Programming tips—That go beyond the syntactical rules of COBOL and suggest stylistic considerations to make programs easier to read and maintain.
Detailed system concept discussions at the beginning of most chapters—e.g., on control breaks, data validation, techniques for table lookups and initialization, sorting, the balance line algorithm for file maintenance, and the organization of indexed files.


Table of Contents
(NOTE: Most chapters begin with an Overview and end with a Summary and Series of Sample Questions).
    1. Introduction.
    2. From Coding Form to Computer.

      From Coding Form to Computer. The COBOL Coding Form. Use of an Editor. The Compile, Link, and Execute Sequence. Learning by Doing. Errors in Entering the Program. Errors in Operating System Commands. Errors in Compilation. Errors in Execution. Errors in Data Input. Evolution of COBOL. There's Always a Reason.

    3. A Methodology for Program Development.

      The Tuition Billing Problem. Structured Design. Evaluating the Hierarchy Chart. Completeness. Functionality. Span of Control. Structured Programming.

    4. The Identification, Environment, and Data Divisions.

      COBOL Notation. Identification Division. Environment Division. CONFIGURATION SECTION. INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. Data Division. FILE SECTION. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. The Tuition Billing Program. Programming Specifications. COBOL Entries. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    5. The Procedure Division.

      OPEN. CLOSE. READ. Placement of the READ Statement. WRITE. STOP RUN. MOVE. Restrictions on the Move Statement. Alphanumeric Field to Alphanumeric Field. Numeric Field to Numeric Field. Group Moves. PERFORM. IF. The ELSE Clause. Indentation. EVALUATE. Arithmetic Statements. The ROUNDED Clause. The SIZE ERROR Clause. COMPUTE. ADD. SUBTRACT. MULTIPLY. DIVIDE. Programming Tip: Use the COMPUTE Statement. Assumed Decimal Point. The Tuition Billing Program. Test Data. Hierarchy Chart. COBOL Program Skeleton. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    6. Debugging.

      Errors in Compilation. Common Compilation Errors. Errors in Execution. File Status Codes. Another Run Time Error. Logic Errors. Tips for Debugging. DISPLAY Statement. The Structured Walkthrough.

    7. Editing and Coding Standards.

      Editing. The Decimal Point. Zero Suppression. Dollar Signs. Comma. Asterisks for Check Protection. Insertion Characters. Synopsis. Signed Numbers. CR and DB. Plus and Minus Signs. BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause. The Tuition Billing Program Revisited. Coding Standards. Data Division. Programming Tip: Avoid Literals. Procedure Division. Programming Tip: Use Scope Terminators. Both Divisions. A Well-Written Program.

    8. Data Validation.

      System Concepts: Data Validation. The IF Statement. Relational Condition. Class Test. Sign Test. Condition-Name Test (88-Level Entries). Compound Test. Hierarchy of Operations. Implied Conditions. Nested Ifs. NEXT SENTENCE. ACCEPT Statement. Calculations Involving Dates. The Stand-Alone Edit Program. Programming Specifications. Error Messages. Pseudocode. Hierarchy Chart. The Completed Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    9. More About the Procedure Division.

      PERFORM. TEST BEFORE/TEST AFTER. In-line Perform. Performing Sections. PERFORM THRU. Programming Tip: Perform Paragraphs, Not Sections. READ. False-Condition Branch. READ INTO. WRITE FROM. INITIALIZE. String Processing. INSPECT. STRING. UNSTRING. Reference Modification. ACCEPT. Duplicate Data Names. Qualification. MOVE CORRESPONDING. The Car Billing Program. Programming Specifications. Program Design. The Completed Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    10. Screen I-O.

      ACCEPT. Programming Tip: Micro Focus Level 78-The Use of COBOL Constants. DISPLAY. The Tuition Billing Program Revisited. Programming Specifications. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Programming Tip: The Hidden Power of the Alt key. Car Validation and Billing Program. Programming Specifications. The Screen Section. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    11. Introduction to Tables.

      Introduction to Tables. OCCURS Clause. Processing a Table. PERFORM VARYING. A Second Example. Problems with the OCCURS Clause. Rules for Subscripts. Relative Subscripting. USAGE Clause. OCCURS DEPENDING ON. The Student Transcript Program. Programming Specifications. Program Design. The Completed Program. Indexes versus Subscripts. The SET Statement. Limitations of COBOL-74 322

    12. Table Lookups.

      System Concepts. Types of Codes. Characteristics of Codes. Sequential Table Lookup. Binary Table Lookup. Positional Organization and Direct Lookups. Initializing a Table. Hard Coding. Input-Loaded Tables. Table Lookups. PERFORM VARYING Statement. SEARCH Statement. Programming Tip-Restrict Subscripts and Switches to a Single Use. SEARCH ALL Statement. Direct Lookup. Range-Step Tables. A Complete Example. Programming Specifications. Program Design. The Completed Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    13. Multilevel Tables.

      System Concepts. COBOL Implementation. One-Level Tables. PERFORM VARYING. Two-Level Tables. Errors in Compilation. PERFORM VARYING. A Sample Program. Programming Specifications. Program Design. The Completed Program. Three-Level Tables. PERFORM VARYING. A Sample Program. Programming Specifications. The Completed Program. Table Lookups. A Calorie Counter's Delight. Programming Specifications. Range-Step Tables. The Completed Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    14. Sorting.

      System Concepts. Collating Sequence. Embedded Sign. COBOL Implementation. SORT Statement. SD (Sort Description). RELEASE and RETURN. Programming Specifications. USING/GIVING Option. INPUT PROCEDURE/OUTPUT PROCEDURE Option. Comparing Options. MERGE Statement. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    15. Control Breaks.

      System Concepts. Running versus Rolling Totals. One-Level Control Breaks. Programming Specifications. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Two-Level Control Breaks. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Three-Level Control Breaks. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Programming Tip: How to Write a Control Break Program. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    16. Subprograms.

      Subprograms. Called and Calling Programs. COPY Statement. Calling BY CONTENT and BY REFERENCE. Programming Tip: Use COPY to Pass Parameters. INITIAL Clause. A System for Physical Fitness. Programming Specifications. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Programs. Main Program (FITNESS). Input Program (INPUTSUB). Weight-Range Program (WGTSUB). Training Program (TRAINSUB). Display Program (DSPLYSUB). Time Program (TIMESUB). The Linkage Editor. Problems with the Linkage Editor. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    17. Sequential File Maintenance.

      System Concepts. Sequential versus Nonsequential Processing. Periodic Maintenance. Data Validation. Programming Specifications. Designing the Program. The Completed Program. Sequential File Maintenance. Programming Specifications. The Balance Line Algorithm. Designing the Hierarchy Chart. Top-Down Testing. The Stubs Program. The Completed Program.

    18. Indexed Files.

      System Concepts. COBOL Implementation. Creating an Indexed File. Programming Specifications. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Additional COBOL Elements. OPEN. READ. WRITE. REWRITE. DELETE. Maintaining an Indexed File. Programming Specifications. Hierarchy Chart. Pseudocode. The Completed Program. Alternate Record Key. Programming Specifications. Concatenated Key. The START Statement. Limitations of COBOL-74.

    19. The Year 2000 Problem.

      The Year 2000 Problem. Date Arithmetic. COBOL Intrinsic Calendar Functions. Leap-Year Problem. Retirement Program Revisited.

    20. Object-Oriented COBOL Programming.

      The Next Generation of COBOL. The Development of Structured Programming. Terminology. The Object-Oriented versus Structured Paradigm. Student-Look-UP Program. The Registrar Class. Classes and Inheritance. ProcessRequests Method. The StudentDM Class. The StudentDM Instance Definition. The Student Class. The Person Class. The Student UI Class. The Student PRT Class. Conclusion.

    Appendix A: Micro Focus Personal COBOL for Windows: UsersGuide and Tutorial.
    Appendix B: Getting Started.
    Appendix C: Reserved Words.
    Appendix D: COBOL-85 Reference Summary.
    Appendix E: COBOL 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, or ...?
    Appendix F: Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises.
    Appendix G: Projects.
    Index.

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