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a concept which can undergo measurable changes.
verstehen
the kind of subjective understanding that can be achieved by criminologists who immerse themselves into the everyday world of the criminals they study.
victim impact statement
a written document which describes the losses, suffering, and trauma experienced by the crime victim or by the victim's survivors. In jurisdictions where victim impact statements are used, judges are expected to consider them in arriving at an appropriate sentence for the offender.
victim-precipitated homicides
killings in which the "victim" was the first to commence the interaction or was the first to resort to physical violence.
victim-proneness
the degree of an individual's likelihood of victimization.
victim-witness assistance programs
counsel victims, orient them to the justice process, and provide a variety of other services such as transportation to court, child care during court appearances, and referrals to social service agencies.
victimization rate (NCVS)
a measure of the occurrence of victimizations among a specified population group. For personal crimes, this is based on the number of victimizations per 1,000 residents age 12 or older. For household crimes, the victimization rates are calculated using the number of incidents per 1,000 households.
victimogenesis
the contributory background of a victim as a result of which he or she becomes prone to victimization.
victimology
the study of victims and their contributory role, if any, in crime causation.
virus (computer)
a set of computer instructions that propagates copies or versions of itself into computer programs or data when it is executed.
VOCA
the Victims of Crime Act, passed by the U.S. Congress in 1984.
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