Chapter 4: Self-Quiz According to the first law of thermodynamics, the total amount of energy in the universe is always increasing is always decreasing varies up and down is constant cannot be determined What is predicted by the second law of thermodynamics? Energy is always decreasing. Disorder cannot be created or destroyed. Systems always tend toward greater states of disorder. All potential energy exists as chemical energy. all of the above Which statement about exergonic reactions is true? The products have more energy than the reactants. The reactants have more energy than the products. They will not proceed spontaneously. Energy input reverses entropy. none of the above ATP is important in cells because It transfers energy from exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions. It is assembled into long chains which make up cell membranes. It acts as an enzyme. It accelerates diffusion. all of the above How does an enzyme increase the speed of a reaction? by changing an endergonic to an exergonic reaction by adding activation energy by lowering activation energy requirements by decreasing the concentration of reactants by increasing the concentration of products Which of the following statements about enzymes is (are) true? They interact with specific reactants (substrates). Their three-dimensional shapes are closely related to their activities. They change the shape of the reactants. They have active sites. all of the above Which of the following is false about the first law of thermodynamics? The amount of useful energy decreases. The first law of thermodynamics is often called the law of the conservation of energy. The total amount of energy within an isolated system remains the same. One form of energy may be converted to a different form of energy. All are true of the first law. Entropy is a measure of____________________for an isloated system. increase in orderliness gain of high-level energy increase in potential energy increase in randomness increase in kinetic energy Energy that is not converted to useful work energy is expelled in which form? radioactivity electricity light heat entropy Which of the following has the greatest amount of kinetic energy? tank of gasoline moving car hot car engine cool air surrounding engine an unlit firecracker When an inhibition molecule binds to an enzyme at a site other than the active site, the situation is referred to as competitive inhibition irreversible inhibition allosteric inhibition positive feedback all of the above What is the ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth? heat energy solar energy thermal energy chemical energy nuclear energy Which of the following lowers the activation energy of a biochemical reaction? presence of catalysts high temperature low concentration of reactants altering pH to 7 high concentration of products Cells regulate enzyme activity in all of the following ways, except amount of enzyme that is manufactured synthesis of an enzyme in an inactive form competitive inhibition through the use of energy carrier molecules allosteric inhibition Which is the most common energy carrier molecule of living organisms? ATP inorganic phosphate DNA glucose NADPH Designed in cooperation with Andrew Stull and Steven Brunasso. Last Update - July 25, 1997 © Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Simon & Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Legal Statement
Designed in cooperation with Andrew Stull and Steven Brunasso. Last Update - July 25, 1997
Last Update - July 25, 1997
