At a Glance

Life on Earth Chapter 5 Cell Structure and Function
At a Glance

The Development of Cell Theory
An Overview of Cell Structure and Function: The plasma membrane isolates the cell but allows interactions with the environment.
The genetic material provides a cellular "blueprint."
Cytoplasm fills each cell and surrounds the nucleus.

Cell Function Limits Cell Size

Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells are relatively simple.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell
The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; The genetic material provides a cellular "blueprint."
Cytoplasm fills each cell and surrounds the nucleus.

Cell Function Limits Cell Size

Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells are relatively simple.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell
The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Cytoplasm fills each cell and surrounds the nucleus.

Cell Function Limits Cell Size

Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells are relatively simple.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell
The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
Cell Function Limits Cell Size
Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic: Prokaryotic cells are relatively simple.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell
The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell
The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
The Nucleus: Control Center of the Cell: The nuclear envelope allows selective exchange of materials.
Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Chromatin consists of DNA and its associated proteins.
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; The nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

The Membrane System of the Cell
Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
The Membrane System of the Cell: Membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; The cell's membrane system includes the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, and lysosomes.

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Capture and Extraction: Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules.

Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination
Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
Plastids and Vacuoles: Storage and Elimination: Many types of plastids store food in plants.
Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Vacuoles serve many functions, including support and storage and elimination of food and wastes.

The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement
Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.
The Cytoskeleton: Shape, Support, and Movement: Microfilaments allow cells to change shape and guide the movement of organelles.
Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Intermediate filaments provide a supportive framework.
Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Microtubules help position, anchor, and move organelles and alter the shapes of cells.
Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.; Cilia and flagella move the cell or move fluid past the cell.

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