Biology: Life on Earth
Audesirk & Audesirk
Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Chapter 18: Self-Quiz

  1. Many closely related species of marine invertebrates exist on either side of the isthmus of Panama. They probably resulted from
    1. premating isolation
    2. isolation by distance
    3. postmating isolation
    4. gametic incompatibility
    5. allopatric speciation

  2. Many hybrids are sterile because their chromosomes do not synapse correctly at meiosis. Why are polyploid plants not sterile?
    1. They backcross to the parental generation.
    2. Most are triploid.
    3. They cross-pollinate.
    4. They self-fertilize, using their diploid gametes.
    5. Their eggs develop directly, without fertilization.

  3. In many species of fireflies, males flash to attract females. Each species has a different flashing pattern. This is probably an example of
    1. ecological isolation
    2. temporal isolation
    3. geographical isolation
    4. premating isolation
    5. postmating isolation

  4. In phyletic speciation, fossil species are separated by
    1. time
    2. geography
    3. behavior
    4. hybrid inviability
    5. hybrid infertility

  5. In regard to changes in gene frequencies, founder events result in
    1. gradual accumulation of many small changes
    2. large, rapid changes
    3. polyploidy
    4. hybridization
    5. mechanical incompatibility

  6. After the demise of the dinosaurs, mammals evolved rapidly into many new forms because of
    1. the founder effect
    2. a genetic bottleneck
    3. adaptive radiation
    4. geological time
    5. genetic drift

  7. Two populations of mountain-dwelling lizards are separated by an impassable valley. The populations are __________.
    1. allopatric
    2. sympatric
    3. divergent
    4. founders
    5. subspecies

  8. All of the following would facilitate sympatric speciation for a species, except
    1. diverse habitat
    2. high degree of variation
    3. competition
    4. having a mutualist
    5. being a generalist consumer

  9. What type of speciation results from errors in meiosis and producing chromosomal aberrations?
    1. allopatric
    2. sympatric
    3. phyletic
    4. continental drift
    5. polyploidy

  10. Two different species of pine release their pollen at different times. This is an example of
    1. geographical isolation
    2. ecological isolation
    3. behavioral incompatibility
    4. temporal isolation
    5. mechanical isolation

  11. Which of these is not gametic incompatibility?
    1. Male and female sex organs do not fit together.
    2. Pollen grain does not germinate on stigma (female structure).
    3. Lily sperm cannot fertilize tulip egg.
    4. Trout sperm does not penetrate perch eggs.
    5. Female stigma destroys germinating pollen grain.

  12. Which of the following statements accurately describes the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution?
    1. Morphological change and speciation are tightly linked.
    2. Species remain the same morphologically for long periods of time.
    3. Speciation is a geologically rapid event.
    4. Only choices a and b are correct.
    5. Choices a, b and c are correct.

  13. When a single species splits into two or more subpopulations that evolve into separate species, what has occurred?
    1. phyletic speciation
    2. divergent speciation
    3. ecological isolation
    4. convergent evolution
    5. coevolution

  14. An example of adaptive radiation is
    1. bat wings
    2. industrial melanism
    3. darwin's finches
    4. long giraffe necks
    5. starfish arms

  15. If a hybrid is unable to produce sperm because meiosis does not proceed correctly, gene flow between the populations is restricted by
    1. hybrid inviability
    2. hybrid infertility
    3. heterosis
    4. ecological isolation
    5. geographic isolation

      

Designed in cooperation with Andrew Stull and Steven Brunasso.

Last Update - July 25, 1997

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