TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

Foreword

Preface

How To Use The CD

1 What Is SGML?                                            1

1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 What Is a Document?	1
1.3 The Problems with Documents	3
1.4 Some Terminology	5
1.5 SGML in Seven Nutshells	6

2 Structure of an SGML Document                   13

3 Structure of an SGML System	23
3.1 Introduction	23
3.2 Analysis	23
3.3 Design	24
3.4 Origination	25
3.5 Storage	32
3.6 Processing and Publishing	33

4 Publishing SGML Documents                      35

4.1 Introduction	35
4.2 Classifying Formats for Rendered SGML Documents	36
4.3 Non-SGML-Based Formats	37
4.4 SGML-Based Formats	40

5 101 Things To Do with an SGML Document       43

5.1 Introduction	43
5.2 Data and Derived-Data	43
5.3 Some SGML Opportunities	44
5.4 Classification of SGML Usage Strategies	68

6 Elements, Attributes, and Models                  69

6.1 Introduction	69
6.2 The Philosophy of SGML Syntax	69
6.3 Element Type Declarations	71
6.4 Attributes	77
6.5 Some Details	91

7 Entities, Notations, and Marked Sections          97

7.1 Introduction	97
7.2 Logical Storage	98
7.3 System Versus Public Identifiers	98
7.4 Internal Parameter Entities	99
7.5 External Parameter Entities	101
7.6 Internal General Entities	103
7.7 External General Entities	103
7.8 Marked Sections	106
7.9 Some Details	109

8 SGML as a Formal Language                       119

8.1 Introduction	119
8.2 Using Grammars to Describe Languages	119
8.3 Classifying SGML as a Grammar	122
8.4 SGML and Language Grammar Software Tools	123
8.5 Comparing SGML with Programming Languages	124
8.6 References	125

9 Anatomy of an SGML Parser                       127

9.1 Introduction	127
9.2 Bird_s Eye View of an SGML Document	127
9.3 Bird_s Eye View of an SGML Parser	130
9.4 The NSGMLS Parser	132
9.5 Defining the Lexical Structure	135
9.6 Defining the Grammar	136
9.7 Some NSGMLS Command-Line Options	137
9.8 The NSGMLS Catalog Format	138
9.9 Some NSGMLS Examples	138
9.10 Some Common Error Messages	142

10 SGML Processing Paradigms                     145

10.1 Introduction	145
10.2 Abstract Data Structures for SGML Documents	146
10.3 Processing Paradigms	151

11 Three Frameworks for SGML Processing        161

11.1 Introduction	161
11.2 Pipelines	162
11.3 The C++ Framework	163
11.4 The Perl Framework	172
11.5 The Python Framework	177

12 Some Processing Examples                       181

12.1 Synopsis Generation	181
12.2 Simple Text Formatting	184
12.3 Element Context Reporting	185
12.4 Publishing to HTML	186
12.5 Publishing to RTF	189
12.6 Multifile Processing	193

13 A Close Look at Some Subtleties                 199

13.1 Introduction	199
13.2 Tight Versus Loose Content Models	199
13.3 Levels of Semantic Checking	202
13.4 Format-Centric Content Models	204
13.5 Processing Instructions	205
13.6 Records and Entity End Signals	205
13.7 Delimiter Recognition and Recognition Modes	207

13.8 Data Content Variations	209
13.9 Marked Section Variations	215
13.10 Short References	216
13.11 Text Entity Variations	218
13.12 Data Entity Variations	222
13.13 Obfuscatory Entity References	223
13.14 Mixed-Content Models	224
13.15 Record Boundary Handling	226
13.16 Ambiguous-Content Models	228
13.17 Data Attributes	230
13.18 Literal Delimiters	231
13.19 Attribute Value Specifications	232
13.20 Null Declarations	233

14 Optional SGML Features                         235

14.1 Introduction	235
14.2 Multiple DTDs Per Document	235
14.3 The CONCUR Feature	237
14.4 The LINK Feature	237
14.5 The SUBDOC Feature	250
14.6 Markup Minimization Methods	251

15 The HyTime Standard                             257

15.1 Introduction	257
15.2 Some HyTime Concepts	258
15.3 Architectural Forms	259
15.4 Some HyTime Linking and Addressing Mechanisms	262
15.5 Using HyTime	269

16 The DSSSL Standard                             271

16.1 Introduction	271
16.2 DSSSL Architecture	272
16.3 The Expression Language	274
16.4 The Transformation Language	274
16.5 The Style Language	275
16.6 The Query Language	275
16.7 DSSSL Specifications	275
16.8 DSSSL-O	276

A The SGML Declaration                            277

A.1 Overview	277
A.2 Declaring a Character Set	278
A.3 Referencing a Character Set	280
A.4 Details of the SGML Declaration	280
A.5 System Declarations	288
A.6 The Reference Concrete Syntax	289
A.7 The Default SGML Declaration Used by NSGMLS	291

B NSGMLS Output Format Details                       293

B.1 The Origins of ESIS	293
B.2 Escape Sequences	294
B.3 Elements	294
B.4 Attributes	294
B.5 Data Content	295
B.6 Notations	296
B.7 Entity Management	296
B.8 Miscellaneous	297
B.9 Formal System Identifiers	297

C Source Code for the Frameworks                  299

C.1 C++ Framework	299
C.2 Perl Framework	306
C.3 Python Framework	309

D SGML Resources for Developers                  317

D.1 World Wide Web-Based SGML Resource Guides	317
D.2 Software Development Tools	317
D.3 Standards Committees	318
D.4 FTP Sites	318
D.5 Usenet	319
D.6 Some SGML-Related Industry Standards	319
D.7 Rainbow Makers	321
D.8 Organizations	321
D.9 Miscellaneous	322

Index                                                325

License Agreement and Limited Warranty                       343