TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I -- Talking the Talk ...... 1

Chapter 1 -- Why Go Beyond HTML? ...... 3

The Bottom Line Is Your Set of Requirements ...... 4

The Four Fundamentals ...... 4

The Facts About SGML ...... 6

A Good Time to be Using Full SGML ...... 7

When HTML is Not Enough ...... 8

Read On ...... 10

Chapter 2 -- How to Use This Book ...... 11

Getting a Quick Start ...... 11

Organization of Parts and Chapters ...... 12

Organization of Examples ...... 13

Typing the Examples ...... 14

Instant Startup Using the Accompanying Disk ...... 16

Typographic and Markup Conventions ...... 18

Chapter 3 -- Starting Simple ...... 19

When HTML Is Too Much ...... 19

Adding markup = Adding value ...... 21

Example 1 -- Plain Text in SGML ...... 23

Example 2 -- Adding Simple Anchors and Links to Plain Text ...... 27

Example 3 -- A Little Bit of Structure in Our Plain Lives ...... 35

Example 4 -- You Can Empower Anything You Can Identify ...... 39

Example 5 -- The Names Can Be Changed to Protect the Innocent ...... 45

Example 6 -- Trcks o' Shrthnd ...... 49

Example 7 -- A Rose by Any Other Name Would Smell as Sweet ...... 59

Example 8 -- As the Ancient Philosophers Say: Semantics Happen ...... 67

Example 9 -- Final Small Steps on the Road to a Useful Mini-Version of HTML ...... 75

How Far We've Come in this Chapter ...... 85

Part II -- Walking the Walk ...... 87

Chapter 4 -- Exploring HTML with a Flashlight ...... 89

When HTML Is Just Right ...... 89

Example 10 -- Nice Body. Nice Head. ...... 91

Example 11 -- This Element is Half Full ...... 99

Example 12 -- Let's Emphasize Text, He Said Boldly ...... 107

Example 13 -- What Was That Link I Saw You With? ...... 113

Example 14 -- On Being Specific ...... 119

Example 15 -- No Anchor is an Island ...... 125

How Far We've Come in This Chapter ...... 132

Chapter 5 -- We'll Take the High Road... ...... 133

Extending HTML, Even If You're Not Netscape, Microsoft or the World Wide Web Consortium ...... 133

Stop! You're Both Right. So How Do We Make HTML Extensible? ...... 135

The Formalities. I Do Declare! ...... 136

Example 16 -- Striding off into the Subset ...... 139

Example 17 -- Going through Another Pretty Phrase ...... 143

Example 18 -- Put a Little Hierarchy into Your Life ...... 153

Chapter 6 -- Leaving a Trail of Breadcrumbs ...... 163

Example 19 -- Distinguishing Characteristics and Naming Names ...... 167

Example 20 -- Diving into the Subject ...... 173

Example 21 -- What You See is the Tip of the Information Iceberg ...... 185

Example 22 -- The Combined Joys of Electronic Review and Machine Processing ...... 191

Example 23 -- While I Wasn't Watching, What Changed? ...... 211

Example 24 -- Have We Outgrown Looseleaf Binders Yet? ...... 219

Part III -- Stepping Beyond ...... 225

Chapter 7 -- Fresh DTDs ...... 227

Example 25 -- Stop the Presses! ...... 231

Example 26 -- What's Content? What Appears Magically? ...... 243

Example 27 -- Turn off the Lights! ...... 253

Chapter 8 -- You Can Get There From Here ...... 263

Example 28 -- Anchors, Links, Targets, Buttons, Icons, We Got It All ...... 267

Example 29 -- Jumping from Slide to Slide ...... 273

Example 30 -- The Low Low End of Computer-based Training ...... 279

Example 31 -- Cranking up the Power ...... 287

Example 32 -- HyTime Tree Location Addressing ...... 301

Example 33 -- HyTime Data Location Addressing ...... 307

Chapter 9 -- The Tiny Table Two-Step ...... 313

The 10-Minute Executive Guide to Some of the Table Issues ...... 313

Example 34 -- A Simple Kitchen Table ...... 323

Example 35 -- Throw a Little Span in the Works ...... 329

Example 36 -- Seeing the World through Rose-Colored Glasses ...... 333

Example 37 -- The Powers of Axis/Axes ...... 341

Part IV -- Struttin' Your Stuff ...... 349

Chapter 10 -- Running on Entities ...... 351

Example 38 -- Multiple Sources for One on-the-fly Document ...... 353

Example 39 -- Automatic Text Generation for Automotive Manuals ...... 359

Example 40 -- Make Your Own Nest and Lie in It ...... 365

Chapter 11 -- The Absolutely Critical Next Step ...... 369

Document Type (DOCTYPE ) Declarations ...... 370

Public Identifiers ...... 373

Finding DTDs in Daily Life ...... 374

The SGML Open Entity Catalog ...... 375

Appendixes ...... 377

Appendix A -- The SGML Primer ...... 379

Jumping In ...... 379

SGML: The End-User's Eye View ...... 380

How Declarations Work ...... 389

The DTD for a Primer Booklet ...... 391

The Document Instance ...... 392

Element Type Declarations ...... 393

The Flood DTDs: Before and After ...... 396

Comments ...... 398

Attribute Definition List Declarations ...... 401

Attribute Definition List Declarations: The Parts ...... 403

General Entities ...... 405

Parameter Entities ...... 407

Notation Declarations ...... 409

Marked Sections ...... 411

Appendix B -- SGML Users, Start Here ...... 415

The Overlap between Art and Science: HTML Implementations Aren't At All Like SGML Implementations -- Yet! ...... 416

HTML Shows Us There's a Trade-off between Payoff and Work ...... 419

If You're Part of the SGML Literati, How Best to Use This Book? ...... 421

How Do We Put SGML on the Web? ...... 422

Appendix C -- A Good Time to be Using SGML ...... 425

New Products ...... 425

Spread of SGML to new industries ...... 427

The World's Largest SGML Application ...... 428

Appearance of SGML in Mainstream Magazines and on Bookstore Shelves ...... 429

Attendance at SGML conferences is nearly doubling each year. ...... 430

Appendix D -- Just Enough History ...... 431

In a hallway in CERN ...... 431

The Roots of the World Wide Web ...... 432

Generalized Markup, SGML, and HyTime ...... 433

ASCII and Angle Brackets: What the Web got from SGML ...... 437

Mosaic makes the Web explode (1993 ) ...... 439

The Web Today ...... 440

What makes the Web important? ...... 442

Appendix E -- Licence Agreement and Limited Warranty ...... 445

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...... 448

Bibliography ...... 449

Other Books About SGML ...... 449

Other published SGML works by Yuri Rubinsky ...... 450

Glossary ...... 453

Index ...... 479

Colophon ...... 491

Afterwords ...... 493

It's Over... But It Goes On ...... 493

Afterwards... ...... 495

About the Authors ...... 497

Yuri Rubinsky ...... 497

Murray Maloney ...... 499